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<title>Heloderma</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><i>Heloderma</i></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the dermatological condition, see <a href="Knuckle_pads" title="Knuckle pads">Knuckle pads</a>.</div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Heloderma</i><br><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: </div>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monster</a>, <i>Heloderma suspectum</i>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class=" taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></span>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a>

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<td>Phylum:

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<td><a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a>

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<td>Class:

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<td><a href="Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a>

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<td>Order:

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<td><a href="Squamata" title="Squamata">Squamata</a>

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<td>Suborder:

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<td><a href="Anguimorpha" title="Anguimorpha">Anguimorpha</a>

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<td>Infraorder:

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<td><a href="Neoanguimorpha" title="Neoanguimorpha">Neoanguimorpha</a>

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<td><i>Clade</i>:

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<td><a href="Monstersauria" title="Monstersauria">Monstersauria</a>

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<td>Family:

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<td><a href="Helodermatidae" title="Helodermatidae">Helodermatidae</a>

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<td>Genus:

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<td><br><small><a href="Arend_Friedrich_August_Wiegmann" title="Arend Friedrich August Wiegmann">Wiegmann</a>, 1829</small>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="Heloderma_horridum" class="mw-redirect" title="Heloderma horridum">Heloderma horridum</a></i><br><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="Arend_Friedrich_August_Wiegmann" title="Arend Friedrich August Wiegmann">Wiegmann</a>, 1829</div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Species

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<ul><li><i><a href="Heloderma_suspectum" class="mw-redirect" title="Heloderma suspectum">Heloderma suspectum</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Heloderma_horridum" class="mw-redirect" title="Heloderma horridum">Heloderma horridum</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Heloderma_exasperatum" title="Heloderma exasperatum">Heloderma exasperatum</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Heloderma_charlesbogerti" title="Heloderma charlesbogerti">Heloderma charlesbogerti</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Heloderma_alvarezi" title="Heloderma alvarezi">Heloderma alvarezi</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Heloderma_texana" title="Heloderma texana">Heloderma texana</a></i>†</li></ul>

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<p><i><b>Heloderma</b></i> is a <a href="Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="Toxicofera" title="Toxicofera">toxicoferan</a> lizards that contains five species, all of which are <a href="Venom" title="Venom">venomous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the only extant genus of the family <a href="Helodermatidae" title="Helodermatidae">Helodermatidae</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div>

<p>The genus <i>Heloderma</i> contains the <a href="Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monster</a> (<i>H. suspectum</i>) and four species of beaded lizards. Their eyes are immobile and fixed in their heads.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gila monster is a large, stocky, mostly slow-moving reptile that prefers arid deserts. Beaded lizards are seen to be more agile and seem to prefer more humid surroundings.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tails of all species of <i>Heloderma</i> are used as fat-storage organs. The scales of the head, back, and tail are bead-like, containing <a href="Osteoderms" class="mw-redirect" title="Osteoderms">osteoderms</a> for better protection. The scales of the belly are free from osteoderms. Most species are dark in color, with yellowish or pinkish markings.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EoR_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Venom">Venom</h2></div>

<p>The venom glands of <i>Heloderma</i> are located at the end of the lower jaws, unlike <a href="Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a>' venom glands, which are located behind the eyes. Also, unlike snakes, the Gila monster and beaded lizards lack the musculature to inject venom immediately. They have to <a href="Mastication" class="mw-redirect" title="Mastication">chew</a> the venom into the flesh of a victim. <i>Heloderma</i> venom is used only in defense. Venom glands are believed to have evolved early in the lineage leading to the modern helodermatids, as their presence is indicated even in the 65-million-year-old fossil genus <i>Paraderma</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoR_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, one adult helodermatid has around 15 to 20 mg of venom, while the estimated lethal dose for humans is 5 to 8 mg.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Venom production among lizards was long thought to be unique to this genus, but researchers studying venom production have proposed many others also produce some venom, all placed in the clade <a href="Toxicofera" title="Toxicofera">Toxicofera</a>, which includes all <a href="Snake" title="Snake">snakes</a> and 13 other families of lizards.<sup id="cite_ref-Fry2006_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fry2006-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, except for snakes, helodermatids, and possibly varanids, envenomation is not considered medically significant for humans.

</p>

<p>Helodermatids are <a href="Carnivorous" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnivorous">carnivorous</a>, <a href="Preying" class="mw-redirect" title="Preying">preying</a> on <a href="Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a> and other small <a href="Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a>, and eating the <a href="Egg_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg (biology)">eggs</a> of <a href="Bird" title="Bird">birds</a> and reptiles.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h2></div>

<p>All species of <i>Heloderma</i> are <a href="Oviparous" class="mw-redirect" title="Oviparous">oviparous</a>. The Gila monster typically lays six eggs, and the beaded lizards up to about 18 eggs .<sup id="cite_ref-EoR_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoR-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Comparing the different species, all eggs have a similar size, as are their hatchlings.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2></div>

<p><b>Family Helodermatidae</b>

</p><p>The four <a href="Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> of beaded lizards were elevated to full species in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<th>Image

</th>

<th>Species

</th>

<th>Taxon author

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<th>Common name

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<th>Geographic range

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><i><a href="Heloderma_alvarezi" title="Heloderma alvarezi">H. alvarezi</a></i>

</td>

<td><a href="Charles_Mitchill_Bogert" title="Charles Mitchill Bogert">Bogert</a> and Martin del Campo, 1956

</td>

<td>Chiapan beaded lizard

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<td style="width:40%"><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>: northern Chiapas to extreme northwestern <a href="Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><i><a href="Heloderma_charlesbogerti" title="Heloderma charlesbogerti">H. charlesbogerti</a></i><span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>T</sup></span>

</td>

<td><a href="Jonathan_Atwood_Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Atwood Campbell">Campbell</a> and Vannini, 1988

</td>

<td>Guatemalan beaded lizard

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<td><a href="Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>: the Motagua Valley

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><i><a href="Heloderma_exasperatum" title="Heloderma exasperatum">H. exasperatum</a></i>

</td>

<td><a href="Charles_Mitchill_Bogert" title="Charles Mitchill Bogert">Bogert</a> and Martin del Campo, 1956

</td>

<td>Rio Fuerte beaded lizard

</td>

<td><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>: Rio Fuerte, Rio Mayo, southern Sonora, northern Sinaloa, western Chihuahua and the Sierra Madre Occidental

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><i><a href="Mexican_beaded_lizard" title="Mexican beaded lizard">H. horridum</a></i><span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>T</sup></span>

</td>

<td>Wiegmann, 1829

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<td>Mexican beaded lizard

</td>

<td><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>: southern Sinaloa to Oaxaca

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</td>

<td><i><a href="Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">H. suspectum</a></i>

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<td><a href="Edward_Drinker_Cope" title="Edward Drinker Cope">Cope</a>, 1869

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<td>Gila monster

</td>

<td><a href="Southwest_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest United States">Southwest United States</a>, <a href="Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a>

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<p><br>

Members of the genus <i>Heloderma</i> have many extinct relatives in the Helodermatidae, whose evolutionary history may be traced back to the <a href="Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> period, such as <i><a href="Estesia" title="Estesia">Estesia</a></i>. The genus <i>Heloderma</i> has existed since the <a href="Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a>, when <i>H. texana</i> lived, and fragments of <a href="Osteoderm" title="Osteoderm">osteoderms</a> from the Gila monster have been found in late <a href="Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> (8,000-10,000 years ago) deposits near <a href="Las_Vegas%2C_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas, Nevada</a>. Because the helodermatids have remained relatively unchanged <a href="Morphology_(biology)" title="Morphology (biology)">morphologically</a>, they are occasionally regarded as <a href="Living_fossil" title="Living fossil">living fossils</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-varanoid_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-varanoid-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the beaded lizards and the Gila monster appear closely related to the <a href="Monitor_lizard" title="Monitor lizard">monitor lizards</a> (varanids) of Africa, Asia, and Australia, the wide geographical separation and unique features not found in the varanids indicate they are better placed in a separate family.<sup id="cite_ref-mattison_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mattison-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>The <a href="Type_species" title="Type species">type species</a> is <i>Heloderma horridum</i>, which was first described in 1829 by <a href="Arend_Friedrich_August_Wiegmann" title="Arend Friedrich August Wiegmann">Arend Wiegmann</a>. Although he originally assigned it the generic name <i>Trachyderma</i>, he changed it to <i>Heloderma</i> six months later, which means "studded skin", from the <a href="Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> words <i>hêlos</i> (ηλος)—the head of a nail or stud—and <i>derma</i> (δερμα), meaning skin.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Conrad, 2008 and Estes et al., 1988 (using morphological data) place the Helodermatidae within <a href="Varanoidea" title="Varanoidea">Varanoidea</a> along with <a href="Earless_monitor_lizard" title="Earless monitor lizard"><i>Lanthanotus borneensis</i></a> and <i><a href="Varanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Varanus">Varanus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Estes et al., 1988 understood the Helodermatidae as having split earlier from <i>Lanthanotus</i> and <i>Varanus</i>, whereas Conrad, 2008 groups them at the same branch point.

</p><p>

In contrast, molecular studies have identified <i>Heloderma </i>as being within the Anguioidea along with Anguidae and Xenosauridae, but specifically sister to Anguidae.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_captivity">In captivity</h2></div>

<p><i>H. horridum</i>, <i>H. exasperatum</i>, and <i>H. suspectum</i> are frequently found in <a href="Captivity_(animal)" title="Captivity (animal)">captivity</a> and are well represented in <a href="Zoo" title="Zoo">zoos</a> throughout much of the world. The other two species of <i>Heloderma</i>, <i>H. alvarezi</i> and <i>H. charlesbogerti</i>, are extremely rare, and only a few captive specimens are known.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div>

<li class="gallerycaption"><i>Heloderma suspectum</i> in captivity</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><i>Heloderma suspectum</i> with four eggs</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><i>Heloderma suspectum</i> with six eggs</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Gila monster hatching</div>

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<div class="gallerytext">Group of young Gila monsters</div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://herpetology.com/helobite.txt">"POISINDEX(R) TOXICOLOGIC MANAGEMENTS Topic: GILA MONSTER (HELODERMA SUSPECTUM)"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMontiani-FerreiraMooreBen-Shlomo2022" class="citation book cs1">Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano; Moore, Bret A.; Ben-Shlomo, Gil (April 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ORptEAAAQBAJ&dq=Extraocular+muscles+Heloderma&pg=PA206"><i>Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology: Volume 1: Invertebrates, Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, and Birds</i></a>. Springer Nature. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-030-71302-7</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFischbarg2005" class="citation book cs1">Fischbarg, Jorge (December 9, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SuKRyC1Q8W4C&dq=Gila+monster+eyes+fixed+in+their+head&pg=PA8"><i>The Biology of the Eye</i></a>. Elsevier. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-08-047609-4</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFC._M._Bogert,_R._M._Del_Campo1956" class="citation journal cs1">C. M. Bogert, R. M. Del Campo (1956). "The Gila Monster and its Allies. The relationships, habits, and behavior of the lizards of the family Helodermatidae". <i>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</i>. <b>109</b>: <span class="nowrap">1–</span>238.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2005" class="citation book cs1">Beck, D. D. (2005). <i>Biology of Gila Monsters and Beaded Lizards</i>. University Press of California.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSchwandt2019" class="citation book cs1">Schwandt, Hans-Joachim (2019). <i>The Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum</i>. Frankfurt/Main: Edition Chimaira. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-89973-441-6</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EoR-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoR_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoR_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoR_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBauer,_Aaron_M.1998" class="citation book cs1">Bauer, Aaron M. (1998). Cogger, H.G.; Zweifel, R.G. (eds.). <i>Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians</i>. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 156. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-12-178560-2</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard L. Cifelli, Randall L. Nydam. 1995. Primitive, helodermatid-like platynotans from the Early cretaceous of Utah. Herpetologica. 51(3):286-291.</span>

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<cite id="CITEREFFry,_B.2006" class="citation journal cs1">Fry, B.; et al. (February 2006). "Early evolution of the venom system in lizards and snakes". <i>Nature</i>. <b>439</b> (7076): <span class="nowrap">584–</span>588. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006Natur.439..584F">2006Natur.439..584F</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04328">10.1038/nature04328</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16292255">16292255</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4386245">4386245</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.redlist-arc.org/Article-PDFs/Special%20Mexico%20Issue_ARC_7(1)_74-96_low_res.pdf">http://www.redlist-arc.org/Article-PDFs/Special%20Mexico%20Issue_ARC_7(1)_74-96_low_res.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060725/http://www.redlist-arc.org/Article-PDFs/Special%20Mexico%20Issue_ARC_7%281%29_74-96_low_res.pdf">Archived</a> 2013-10-23 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Reiserer & al., 2013, <i>Taxonomic reassessment and conservation status of the beaded lizard, </i>Heloderma horridum<i> (Squamata: Helodermatidae)</i></span>

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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWiegmann1829" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Arend_Friedrich_August_Wiegmann" title="Arend Friedrich August Wiegmann">Wiegmann, A.F.A.</a> (1829). "Über die Gesetzlichkeit in der geographischen Verbreitung der Saurier". <i>Isis</i>. <b>22</b> (<span class="nowrap">3–</span>4). Oken: <span class="nowrap">418–</span>428.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFConradAstMontanariNorell2011" class="citation journal cs1">Conrad, Jack L.; Ast, Jennifer C.; Montanari, Shaena; Norell, Mark A. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-0031.2010.00330.x">"A combined evidence phylogenetic analysis of Anguimorpha (Reptilia: Squamata)"</a>. <i>Cladistics</i>. <b>27</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">230–</span>277. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-0031.2010.00330.x">10.1111/j.1096-0031.2010.00330.x</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1096-0031">1096-0031</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34875778">34875778</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84301257">84301257</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEstes1988" class="citation journal cs1">Estes, Richard (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/6457">"Phylogenetic relationships within squamata"</a>. <i>Phylogenetic Relationships of the Lizard Families: Essays Commemorating Charles L. Camp</i>: <span class="nowrap">119–</span>281. <a href="Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10088%2F6457">10088/6457</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780804714358</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVidalMarinSassiBattistuzzi2012" class="citation journal cs1">Vidal, Nicolas; Marin, Julie; Sassi, Julia; Battistuzzi, Fabia U.; Donnellan, Steve; Fitch, Alison J.; Fry, Bryan G.; Vonk, Freek J.; Rodriguez de la Vega, Ricardo C.; Couloux, Arnaud; Hedges, S. Blair (2012-10-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3441001">"Molecular evidence for an Asian origin of monitor lizards followed by Tertiary dispersals to Africa and Australasia"</a>. <i>Biology Letters</i>. <b>8</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">853–</span>855. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2012.0460">10.1098/rsbl.2012.0460</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3441001">3441001</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22809723">22809723</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTownsendLarsonLouisMacey2004" class="citation journal cs1">Townsend, Ted M.; Larson, Allan; Louis, Edward; Macey, J. Robert (2004-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10635150490522340">"Molecular Phylogenetics of Squamata: The Position of Snakes, Amphisbaenians, and Dibamids, and the Root of the Squamate Tree"</a>. <i>Systematic Biology</i>. <b>53</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">735–</span>757. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10635150490522340">10.1080/10635150490522340</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1063-5157">1063-5157</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15545252">15545252</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAriano-Sánchez2008" class="citation journal cs1">Ariano-Sánchez, Daniel (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15563650701733031">"Envenomation by a wild Guatemalan beaded lizard <i>Heloderma horridum charlesbogerti</i>"</a>. <i>Clinical Toxicology</i>. <b>46</b> (9): <span class="nowrap">897–</span>899. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15563650701733031">10.1080/15563650701733031</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18608297">18608297</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22173811">22173811</a>.</cite></li>

<li>Ariano-Sánchez, D. & G. Salazar. 2007. Notes on the distribution of the endangered lizard, <i>Heloderma horridum charlesbogerti</i>, in the dry forests of eastern Guatemala: an application of multi-criteria evaluation to conservation. Iguana 14: 152–158. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/11116925/Ariano-D-y-G-Salazar-2007-Notes-on-the-Distribution-of-the-Endangered-Lizard-Heloderma-horridum-charlesbogerti-in-the-Dry-Forests-of-Eastern-Gu">[1]</a></li>

<li>Ariano-Sánchez, D. 2006. The Guatemalan beaded lizard: endangered inhabitant of a unique ecosystem. Iguana 13: 178–183. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/11117893/Ariano-D-2006-The-Guatemalan-beaded-lizard-Endangered-inhabitant-of-a-unique-ecosystem-Iguana-133-178183">[2]</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ssn.org/Meetings/cop/cop14/Other/CoP14_results.pdf">CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180930041659/http://www.ssn.org/Meetings/cop/cop14/Other/CoP14_results.pdf">Archived</a> 2018-09-30 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 2007. Resume of the 14th Convention of the Parts. The Hague. The Netherlands.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Helodermatidae" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Helodermatidae">Helodermatidae</a></b></i>.</div></div>

</div>

<p>Schwandt, Hans- Joachim <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heloderma.net/en/">www.heloderma.net</a> 2006 in 6 languages

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Heloderma" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Heloderma">Heloderma</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFC._M._Bogert,_R._M._Del_Campo1956" class="citation book cs1">C. M. Bogert, R. M. Del Campo (1956). <i>The Gila Monster and its Allies. The relationships, habits, and behavior of the lizards of the family Helodermatidae</i>. Vol. 109. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>238.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFBeck2005" class="citation book cs1">Beck, D. D. (2005). <i>Biology of Gila Monsters and Beaded Lizards</i>. London: University Press of California.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFSchwandt2019" class="citation book cs1">Schwandt, Hans-Joachim (2019). <i>The Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum - Natural History, Husbandry & Propagation</i>. Frankfurt/Main: Edition Chimaira. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-89973-441-6</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<td>

</td>

<td><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b>Heloderma suspectum</b></i>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helodermahorridum.com/beaded_lizard.php">About Beaded Lizards</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215024644/http://www.helodermahorridum.com/beaded_lizard.php">Archived</a> 2015-02-15 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://herpetology.com/heloderma.html">Heloderma information</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/families/helodermatidae.php">Family Helodermatidae (Gila Monsters)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100715164854/http://www.jcvi.org/reptiles/families/helodermatidae.php">Archived</a> 2010-07-15 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Squamata_families247" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Squamata" title="Squamata">Squamata</a> families</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>

<li>Phylum: <a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>

<li>Class: <a href="Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a></li>

<li>Order: <a href="Squamata" title="Squamata">Squamata</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dibamia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dibamidae" title="Dibamidae">Dibamidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gecko" title="Gecko">Gekkota</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gekkonidae" title="Gekkonidae">Gekkonidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Carphodactylidae" title="Carphodactylidae">Carphodactylidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Diplodactylidae" title="Diplodactylidae">Diplodactylidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Eublepharidae" title="Eublepharidae">Eublepharidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Phyllodactylidae" title="Phyllodactylidae">Phyllodactylidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Pygopodidae" title="Pygopodidae">Pygopodidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Sphaerodactylidae" title="Sphaerodactylidae">Sphaerodactylidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Scincoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Scincoidea">Scincoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cordylidae" title="Cordylidae">Cordylidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Gerrhosauridae" title="Gerrhosauridae">Gerrhosauridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Skink" title="Skink">Scincidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Xantusiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xantusiidae">Xantusiidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Lacertoidea" title="Lacertoidea">Laterata</a> / <a href="Lacertoidea" title="Lacertoidea">Lacertoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Lacertidae" title="Lacertidae">Lacertidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gymnophthalmoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Gymnophthalmoidea">Gymnophthalmoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alopoglossidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Alopoglossidae">Alopoglossidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Gymnophthalmidae" title="Gymnophthalmidae">Gymnophthalmidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Teiidae" title="Teiidae">Teiidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Amphisbaenia" title="Amphisbaenia">Amphisbaenia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amphisbaenidae" title="Amphisbaenidae">Amphisbaenidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Bipedidae" title="Bipedidae">Bipedidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Blanidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanidae">Blanidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Cadeidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadeidae">Cadeidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhineuridae" title="Rhineuridae">Rhineuridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Trogonophidae" title="Trogonophidae">Trogonophidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Anguimorpha" title="Anguimorpha">Anguimorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Shinisauridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinisauridae">Shinisauridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Lanthanotidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanotidae">Lanthanotidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Varanidae" title="Varanidae">Varanidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Helodermatidae" title="Helodermatidae">Helodermatidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Xenosauridae" title="Xenosauridae">Xenosauridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Anguidae" title="Anguidae">Anguidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Anniellidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anniellidae">Anniellidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Diploglossidae" title="Diploglossidae">Diploglossidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Iguania" title="Iguania">Iguania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agamidae" title="Agamidae">Agamidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Chamaeleonidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamaeleonidae">Chamaeleonidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Corytophanidae" title="Corytophanidae">Corytophanidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Crotaphytidae" title="Crotaphytidae">Crotaphytidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Dactyloidae" title="Dactyloidae">Dactyloidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Hoplocercidae" title="Hoplocercidae">Hoplocercidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Iguanidae" title="Iguanidae">Iguanidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Leiocephalidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Leiocephalidae">Leiocephalidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Leiosauridae" title="Leiosauridae">Leiosauridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Liolaemidae" title="Liolaemidae">Liolaemidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Opluridae" title="Opluridae">Opluridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Phrynosomatidae" title="Phrynosomatidae">Phrynosomatidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Polychrotidae" title="Polychrotidae">Polychrotidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Tropiduridae" title="Tropiduridae">Tropiduridae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Serpentes" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentes">Serpentes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Scolecophidia" title="Scolecophidia">Scolecophidia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anomalepididae" title="Anomalepididae">Anomalepididae</a></li>

<li><a href="Gerrhopilidae" title="Gerrhopilidae">Gerrhopilidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Leptotyphlopidae" title="Leptotyphlopidae">Leptotyphlopidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Typhlopidae" title="Typhlopidae">Typhlopidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Xenotyphlopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenotyphlopidae">Xenotyphlopidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Alethinophidia" title="Alethinophidia">Alethinophidia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acrochordidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrochordidae">Acrochordidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Aniliidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aniliidae">Aniliidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Anomochilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anomochilidae">Anomochilidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Atractaspididae" title="Atractaspididae">Atractaspididae</a></li>

<li><a href="Boidae" title="Boidae">Boidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Bolyeriidae" title="Bolyeriidae">Bolyeriidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Colubridae" title="Colubridae">Colubridae</a></li>

<li><a href="Cylindrophis" title="Cylindrophis">Cylindrophiidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Elapidae" title="Elapidae">Elapidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Loxocemidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Loxocemidae">Loxocemidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Pythonidae" title="Pythonidae">Pythonidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Tropidophiidae" title="Tropidophiidae">Tropidophiidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Uropeltidae" title="Uropeltidae">Uropeltidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Viper" title="Viper">Viperidae</a></li>

<li><a href="Xenopeltidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenopeltidae">Xenopeltidae</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Varanoidea120" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Varanoidea120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Varanoidea" title="Varanoidea">Varanoidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>

<li>Phylum: <a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>

<li>Class: <a href="Reptilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptilia">Reptilia</a></li>

<li>Order: <a href="Squamata" title="Squamata">Squamata</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Extant_species120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Neontology#Extant_taxa_vs._extinct_taxa" title="Neontology">Extant</a> species</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Chiapan_beaded_lizard" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiapan beaded lizard">Chiapan beaded lizard (<i>H. alvarezi</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Heloderma_charlesbogerti" title="Heloderma charlesbogerti">Guatemalan beaded lizard (<i>H. charlesbogerti</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Heloderma_exasperatum" title="Heloderma exasperatum">Rio Fuerte beaded lizard (<i>H. exasperatum</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mexican_beaded_lizard" title="Mexican beaded lizard">Mexican beaded lizard (<i>H. horridum</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gila_monster" title="Gila monster">Gila monster (<i>H. suspectum</i>)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><i><a href="Lanthanotus" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanotus">Lanthanotus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Earless_monitor_lizard" title="Earless monitor lizard">Earless monitor lizard (<i>L. borneensis</i>)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><i><a href="Monitor_lizard" title="Monitor lizard">Varanus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Asian_water_monitor" title="Asian water monitor">Asian water monitor (<i>V. salvator</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black_tree_monitor" title="Black tree monitor">Black tree monitor (<i>V. beccarii</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-headed_monitor" title="Black-headed monitor">Black-headed monitor (<i>V. tristis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Bengal_monitor" title="Bengal monitor">Bengal monitor (<i>V. bengalensis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-spotted_ridge-tailed_monitor" title="Black-spotted ridge-tailed monitor">Black-spotted ridge-tailed monitor (<i>V. baritji</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue-tailed_monitor" title="Blue-tailed monitor">Blue-tailed monitor (<i>V. doreanus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Varanus_salvadorii" title="Varanus salvadorii">Crocodile monitor (<i>V. salvadorii</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Desert_monitor" title="Desert monitor">Desert monitor (<i>V. griseus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Dumeril's_monitor" title="Dumeril's monitor">Dumeril's monitor (<i>V. dumerilii</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Emerald_tree_monitor" title="Emerald tree monitor">Emerald tree monitor (<i>V. prasinus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gray's_monitor" title="Gray's monitor">Gray's monitor (<i>V. olivaceus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Kimberley_rock_monitor" title="Kimberley rock monitor">Kimberely rock monitor (<i>V. glauerti</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Komodo_dragon" title="Komodo dragon">Komodo dragon (<i>V. komodoensis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Lace_monitor" title="Lace monitor">Lace monitor (<i>V. varius</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mangrove_monitor" title="Mangrove monitor">Mangrove monitor (<i>V. indicus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mertens'_water_monitor" title="Mertens' water monitor">Merten's water monitor (<i>V. mertensi</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mitchell's_water_monitor" title="Mitchell's water monitor">Mitchell's water monitor (<i>V. mitchelli</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Nile_monitor" title="Nile monitor">Nile monitor (<i>V. niloticus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Northern_Sierra_Madre_forest_monitor" title="Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor">Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor</a> (<i>V. bitatawa</i>)</li>

<li><a href="Peacock_monitor" title="Peacock monitor">Peacock monitor (<i>V. auffenbergi</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Peach-throated_monitor" title="Peach-throated monitor">Peach-throated monitor (<i>V. jobiensis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Perentie" title="Perentie">Perentie (<i>V. giganteus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Pygmy_mulga_monitor" title="Pygmy mulga monitor">Pygmy mulga monitor (<i>V. gilleni</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Quince_monitor" title="Quince monitor">Quince monitor (<i>V. melinus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Rock_monitor" title="Rock monitor">Rock monitor (<i>V. albigularis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Pilbara_monitor" title="Pilbara monitor">Pilbara monitor (<i>V. bushi</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Rennell_Island_monitor" title="Rennell Island monitor">Rennel Island monitor (<i>V. juxtindicus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Rosenberg's_monitor" title="Rosenberg's monitor">Rosenberg's monitor (<i>V. rosenbergi</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Roughneck_monitor" title="Roughneck monitor">Roughneck monitor (<i>V. rudicollis</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Short-tailed_pygmy_monitor" title="Short-tailed pygmy monitor">Short-tailed pygmy monitor (<i>V. brevicauda</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Spiny-tailed_monitor" title="Spiny-tailed monitor">Spiny-tailed monitor (<i>V. acanthurus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Turquoise_monitor" title="Turquoise monitor">Turquoise monitor (<i>V. caerulivirens</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Sand_goanna" title="Sand goanna">Sand goanna (<i>V. gouldii</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Savannah_monitor" title="Savannah monitor">Savannah monitor (<i>V. exanthematicus</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Yellow_monitor" title="Yellow monitor">Yellow monitor (<i>V. flavescens</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Yellow-spotted_monitor" title="Yellow-spotted monitor">Yellow-spotted monitor (<i>V. panoptes</i>)</a></li>

<li><a href="Yemen_monitor" title="Yemen monitor">Yemen monitor (<i>V. yemenensis</i>)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em">Related categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Varanidae</li>

<li>Cretaceous lizards</li>

<li>Helodermatidae</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Fossil_taxa120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Fossil" title="Fossil">Fossil</a> taxa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Palaeovaranidae" title="Palaeovaranidae">Palaeovaranidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Palaeovaranus" title="Palaeovaranus">Palaeovaranus</a></i></li>

<li><i>Eosaniwa</i></li>

<li><i><a href="Paranecrosaurus" title="Paranecrosaurus">Paranecrosaurus</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Varanidae" title="Varanidae">Varanidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Megalania" title="Megalania">Megalania (<i>Varanus priscus</i>)</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Saniwa" title="Saniwa">Saniwa</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Varanus_amnhophilis" class="mw-redirect" title="Varanus amnhophilis">Varanus amnhophilis</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Arcanosaurus" title="Arcanosaurus">Arcanosaurus</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Aiolosaurus" title="Aiolosaurus">Aiolosaurus</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Cherminotus" title="Cherminotus">Cherminotus</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Gobiderma" title="Gobiderma">Gobiderma</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Morohasaurus" title="Morohasaurus">Morohasaurus</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Telmasaurus" title="Telmasaurus">Telmasaurus</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Palaeosaniwa" title="Palaeosaniwa">Palaeosaniwa</a></i></li>

<li><i>Saniwides</i></li>

<li><i><a href="Estesia" title="Estesia">Estesia</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers2372" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers2372" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Taxon identifiers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Heloderma</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729412" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q729412">Q729412</a></span></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Heloderma" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Heloderma">Heloderma</a></span></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Helodermatidae/">Helodermatidae</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1HLDMG">1HLDMG</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/35002">35002</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1392042">1392042</a></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38033">38033</a></span></span></li></ul>

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<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729412#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata635" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729412#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata635" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01062828">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007555537705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/concept/464da6b8-eca2-43a4-8306-92814b1c1137">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-02-14" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Heloderma&oldid=1275716964">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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